Friday, March 29, 2024
News

Tumours partially destroyed with sound do not come back: Study

   SocialTwist Tell-a-Friend    Print this Page   COMMENT

Washington | April 19, 2022 6:23:41 PM IST
The University of Michigan developed a non-invasive sound technology that breaks down liver tumours in rats, kills cancer cells and spurs the immune system to prevent further spread.

As per researchers, this development could an advance that could lead to improved cancer outcomes in humans.

By destroying only 50 per cent to 75 per cent of liver tumour volume, the rats' immune systems were able to clear away the rest, with no evidence of recurrence or metastases in more than 80 per cent of animals.

"Even if we don't target the entire tumour, we can still cause the tumour to regress and also reduce the risk of future metastasis," said Zhen Xu, professor of biomedical engineering at U-M and corresponding author of the study in Cancers.

Results also showed the treatment stimulated the rats' immune responses, possibly contributing to the eventual regression of the untargeted portion of the tumour and preventing the further spread of cancer.

The treatment, called histotripsy, noninvasively focuses ultrasound waves to mechanically destroy target tissue with millimetre precision. The relatively new technique is currently being used in a human liver cancer trial in the United States and Europe.

In many clinical situations, the entirety of a cancerous tumour cannot be targeted directly in treatments for reasons that include the mass' size, location or stage. To investigate the effects of partially destroying tumours with sound, this latest study targeted only a portion of each mass, leaving behind a viable intact tumour.

It also allowed the team, including researchers at Michigan Medicine and the Ann Arbor VA Hospital, to show the approach's effectiveness under less than optimal conditions.

"Histotripsy is a promising option that can overcome the limitations of currently available ablation modalities and provide safe and effective noninvasive liver tumour ablation," said Tejaswi Worlikar, a doctoral student in biomedical engineering.

"We hope that our learnings from this study will motivate future preclinical and clinical histotripsy investigations toward the ultimate goal of clinical adoption of histotripsy treatment for liver cancer patients."

Liver cancer ranks among the top 10 causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide and in the US. Even with multiple treatment options, the prognosis remains poor with five-year survival rates of less than 18 per cent in the US. The high prevalence of tumour recurrence and metastasis after initial treatment highlights the clinical need for improving outcomes of liver cancer.

Where a typical ultrasound uses sound waves to produce images of the body's interior, U-M engineers have pioneered the use of those waves for treatment. And their technique works without the harmful side effects of current approaches such as radiation and chemotherapy.

"Our transducer, designed and built at U-M, delivers high amplitude microsecond-length ultrasound pulses -- acoustic cavitation -- to focus on the tumour specifically to break it up," Xu said. "Traditional ultrasound devices use lower amplitude pulses for imaging."

The microsecond long pulses from UM's transducer generate microbubbles within the targeted tissues -- bubbles that rapidly expand and collapse. These violent but extremely localized mechanical stresses kill cancer cells and break up the tumour's structure.

Since 2001, Xu's laboratory at U-M has pioneered the use of histotripsy in the fight against cancer, leading to the clinical trial '#HOPE4LIVER' sponsored by HistoSonics, a U-M spinoff company. More recently, the group's research has produced promising results on histotripsy treatment of brain therapy and immunotherapy.

The study was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health, Focused Ultrasound Foundation, VA Merit Review, U-M's Forbes Institute for Discovery and Michigan Medicine-Peking University Health Sciences Center Joint Institute for Translational and Clinical Research. (ANI)

 
  LATEST COMMENTS ()
POST YOUR COMMENT
Comments Not Available
 
POST YOUR COMMENT
 
 
TRENDING TOPICS
 
 
CITY NEWS
MORE CITIES
 
 
 
MORE SCIENCE NEWS
AI technique accurately predicts deadly ...
Researchers discover new approach to tre...
Researchers discover how gene mutation r...
Climate change disrupts vital ecosystems...
Study finds how ageing reduces ability o...
Israeli researchers uncover biological p...
More...
 
INDIA WORLD ASIA
'My father was being given slow poison; ...
Chennai: Three dead after false ceiling ...
Jailed gangster-turned-politician Mukhta...
Eknath Shinde's Shiv Sena releases first...
Uttar Pradesh: Security tightened in Ali...
'A closed chapter now...': BJP leader Di...
More...    
 
 Top Stories
45 people die after bus carrying Ea... 
Executive meddling in judicial affa... 
"I am the spider of Guna-Shivpuri:"... 
"It doesn't make sense": Tom Moody ... 
"Was in bed for last three days": R... 
Kerala: Christians mark Good Friday... 
"Allegations made by his family req... 
Biden administration approves USD 6...